Email this article 
Hide
Show allA Review on Enhancing Cyber-Physical System Security using Artificial Intelligence
Abstract
The aim of this review is to examine the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cyber-physical systems (CPS) and create a conceptual framework for enhancing the resilience of AI through automation on both technological and human levels. To do this, a literature review and taxonomy analysis of the interconnected CPS that make up the Internet of Things (IoT) will be conducted, with a focus on models, infrastructures, and frameworks that have been explored in academic and technical journals. The research will cover the period from 2010 to 2020 and will use hierarchical cascade models to demonstrate how AI makes decisions in CPS. The study will also explore the continued dominance of the IoT in CPS and apply the findings to the development of a taxonomy-based hierarchical cascade conceptual framework.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
de Fine Licht, K., & de Fine Licht, J. (2020). Artificial intelligence, transparency, and public decision-making. AI & society, 35(4), 917-926.
Radanliev, P., De Roure, D., Van Kleek, M., Santos, O., & Ani, U. (2021). Artificial intelligence in cyber physical systems. AI & society, 36(3), 783-796.
Milano S, Taddeo M, Floridi L (2020) Recommender systems and their ethical challenges. AI Soc 1–11 (forthcoming)
Liberati N (2020) The Borg–eye and the We–I. The production of a collective living body through wearable computers. AI Soc 35(1):39–49
Glaser BG, Strauss AL (1967) The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. Routledge, Abingdon
Marwedel P, Engel M (2016) Cyber-physical systems: opportunities, challenges and (some) solutions. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 1–30
Shackelford SJ (2016) Protecting intellectual property and privacy in the digital age: the use of national cybersecurity strategies to mitigate cyber risk. Chapman Law Rev 19:412–445
Anderson G (2016) The economic impact of technology infrastructure for smart manufacturing. US Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Carruthers K (2016) Internet of things and beyond: cyber-physical systems—IEEE internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things, Newsletter, 2014
Brettel M, Fischer FG, Bendig D, Weber AR, Wolf B (2016) Enablers for self-optimizing production systems in the context of industrie 4.0. Procedia CIRP 41:93–98
Carruthers K (2016) Internet of things and beyond: cyber-physical systems—IEEE internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things, Newsletter, 2014
Nicolescu R, Huth M, Radanliev P, De Roure D (2018) Mapping the values of IoT. J Inf Technol 33(4):345–360
Bazai, S. U., Jang-Jaccard, J., & Alavizadeh, H. (2021a). A novel hybrid approach for multi-dimensional data anonymization for apache spark. ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security, 25(1), 1–25.
Zaland, Z., Bazai, S. U., Marjan, S., & Ashraf, M. (2021). Three-Tier Password Security Algorithm for Online Databases. 2021 2nd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC), 1–6. IEEE.
Tabassum, I., Bazai, S. U., Zaland, Z., Marjan, S., Khan, M. Z., & Ghafoor, M. I. (2022). Cyber Security’s Silver Bullet-A Systematic Literature Review of AI-Powered Security. 2022 3rd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC), 1–7. IEEE.
Tareen, S., Bazai, S. U., Ullah, S., Ullah, R., Marjan, S., & Ghafoor, M. I. (2022). Phishing and Intrusion Attacks: An Overview of Classification Mechanisms. 2022 3rd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC), 1–5. IEEE.
Bazai, S. U., & Jang-Jaccard, J. (2019). SparkDA: RDD-based high-performance data anonymization technique for Spark platform. International Conference on Network and System Security, 646–662. Springer, Cham.
Bazai, S. U., Jang-Jaccard, J., & Zhang, X. (2019). Scalable big data privacy with MapReduce. In Encyclopedia of big data technologies (pp. 1454–1462). Springer, Springer Nature.
Barrett M, Marron J, Yan Pillitteri V, Boyens J, Witte G, Feldman L (2017) Draft NISTIR 8170, the cybersecurity framework: implementation guidance for federal agencies, Maryland
NIST (2018) NIST Version 1.1, National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce. [Online]. https:// www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2018/04/nist-releases-version11-its-popular-cybersecurity-framework
Barrett M, Marron J, Yan Pillitteri V, Boyens J, Witte G, Feldman L (2017) Draft NISTIR 8170, the cybersecurity framework: implementation guidance for federal agencies, Maryland
Radanliev P (2014) A conceptual framework for supply chain systems architecture and integration design based on practice and theory in the North Wales slate mining industry. British Library
Radanliev P, De Roure D, Nicolescu R, Huth M, Montalvo RM, Cannady S, Burnap P (2018) Future developments in cyber risk assessment for the internet of things. Comput Ind 102:14–22
Radanliev P, De Roure D, Page K, Nurse JR, Montalvo Mantilla R, Santos O, Maddox LT, Burnap P (2020) Cyber risk at the edge: current and future trends on cyber risk analytics and Artificial intelligence in the industrial internet of things and industry 4.0 supply chains. Cybersecurity 3(13):1–21
Radanliev P, De Roure DC, Nurse JR, Montalvo RM, Cannady S, Santos O, Madox LT, Maple C (2020) Future developments in standardisation of cyber risk in the Internet of Things (IoT). SN Appl Sci 169(2):1–16
Niggemann O, Biswas G, Kinnebrew JS, Khorasgani H, Volgmann S, Bunte A (2015) Data-driven monitoring of cyber-physical systems leveraging on big data and the internet-of-things for diagnosis and control. In: International workshop on the principles of diagnosis (DX), pp 185–192
Radanliev P, De Roure D, Page K, Nurse JR, Montalvo Mantilla R, Santos O, Maddox LT, Burnap P (2020) Cyber risk at the edge: current and future trends on cyber risk analytics and Artificial intelligence in the industrial internet of things and industry 4.0 supply chains. Cybersecurity 3(13):1–21
Radanliev P, De Roure DC, Nurse JR, Montalvo RM, Cannady S, Santos O, Madox LT, Maple C (2020) Future developments in standardisation of cyber risk in the Internet of Things (IoT). SN Appl Sci 169(2):1–16
Anthi E, Williams L, Slowinska M, Theodorakopoulos G, Burnap P (2019) A supervised intrusion detection system for smart home IoT devices. IEEE Internet Things J 6(5):9042–9053
Anthonysamy P, Rashid A, Chitchyan R (2017) Privacy requirements: present & future. In: 2017 IEEE/ACM 39th International conference on software engineering: software engineering in society track (ICSE-SEIS), pp 13–22
Balaji B, Al Faruque MA, Dutt N, Gupta R, Agarwal Y (2015) Models, abstractions, and architectures. In: Proceedings of the 52nd annual design automation conference on—DAC’15, pp 1–6
Banks J (2019) A perceived moral agency scale: development and validation of a metric for humans and social machines. Comput Human Behav 90:363–371
Brettel M, Fischer FG, Bendig D, Weber AR, Wolf B (2016) Enablers for self-optimizing production systems in the context of industrie 4.0. Procedia CIRP 41:93–98
Carruthers K (2016) Internet of things and beyond: cyber-physical systems—IEEE internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things, Newsletter, 2014
Craggs B, Rashid A (2017) Smart cyber-physical systems: beyond usable security to security ergonomics by design. In: 2017 IEEE/ ACM 3rd international workshop on software engineering for smart cyber-physical systems (SEsCPS), pp 22–25
De Roure D, Hooper C, Page K, Tarte S, Willcox P (2015) Observing social machines part 2: how to observe? In: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM web science conference, pp 1–5
De Roure D, Page KR, Radanliev P, Van Kleek M (2019) Complex coupling in cyber-physical systems and the threats of fake data. In: Living in the internet of things (IoT 2019) 2019 page, p 11 (6 pp)
Dillon TS, Zhuge H, Wu C, Singh J, Chang E (2011) Web-of-things framework for cyber-physical systems. Concurr Comput Pract Exp 23(9):905–923
DiMase D, Collier ZA, Hefner K, Linkov I (2015) Systems engineering framework for cyber physical security and resilience. Environ Syst Decis 35(2):291–300
Dombrowski U, Wagner T (2014) Mental strain as feld of action in the 4th industrial revolution. Procedia CIRP 17:100–105
Drath R, Horch A (2014) Industrie 4.0: hit or hype? [Industry Forum]. IEEE Ind Electron Mag 8(2):56–58
Fazi M (2019) Beatrice, “Can a machine think (anything new)? Automation beyond simulation”. AI Soc 34(4):813–824
Giordano A, Spezzano G, Vinci A (2016) A smart platform for largescale cyber-physical systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 115–134
Gordon LA, Loeb MP (2002) The economics of information security investment. ACM Trans Inf Syst Secur 5(4):438–457
Hermann M, Pentek T, Otto B (2016) Design principles for industrie 4.0 scenarios. In: 2016 49th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS), pp 3928–3937
Hussain F (2017) Internet of things: Building blocks and business models, (No. 978-3, pp 319-55404) Springer International Publishing
Jensen JC, Chang DH, Lee EA (2011) A model-based design methodology for cyber-physical systems. In: 2011 7th international wireless communications and mobile computing conference, pp 1666–1671
Kambatla K, Kollias G, Kumar V, Grama A (2014) Trends in big data analytics. J Parallel Distrib Comput 74:2561–2573
Koch R, Rodosek G (2016) In: Proceedings of the 15th European conference on cyber warfare and security: ECCWS 2016: hosted by Universität der Bundeswehr, Munich, 7–8 July 2016
La HJ, Kim SD (2010) A service-based approach to designing cyber physical systems. In: 2010 IEEE/ACIS 9th international conference on computer and information science, pp 895–900
Lee J, Kao HA, Yang S (2014) Service innovation and smart analytics for industry 4.0 and big data environment. Procedia CIRP 16:3–8
Lee J, Bagheri B, Kao HA (2015) A cyber-physical systems architecture for industry 4.0-based manufacturing systems. Manufacturing Lett 3:18–23
Lee B, Cooper R, Hands D, Coulton P (2019) Value creation for IoT: challenges and opportunities within the design and development process. In: Living in the internet of things (IoT 2019). IET, living in the internet of things 2019, London, pp 1–8
Lee B, Cooper R, Hands D, Coulton P (2019) Design drivers: a critical enabler to meditate value over the NPD process within Internet of Things. In: 4d conference proceedings: meanings of design in the next era. DML (Design Management Lab), Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, pp 96–107
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36785/jaes.122565
Journal of Applied and Emerging Sciences by BUITEMS is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at www.buitms.edu.pk.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://journal.buitms.edu.pk/j/index.php/bj